General+Aviation

flat

radio work, listening to atc, emergencies

email

=7. Basic Instruments= 18may vt


 * Instruments
 * Airspeed - arcs. Flaps white. Yellow cautionary. Red Vmc. Never exceed speed.
 * Non polarized glasses. Vadeliho. Shawn tucker sells
 * Pitot air. Powers instruments.
 * 6 pack. WithOut air speed check . Vertical speed Sound. Altitude
 * Attitude. Wings level. Adjust for straight and level. Standard rate turn. Vacuum. Gyro suction. Venturi on older.
 * Altimeter. Standard. Density temp at sea level.
 * Directional gyro. Heading indicator.
 * Turn coordinator. Vacuum. Engine driven.
 * Compass. Can indicate turn. Error. Precess.
 * Vertical speed indicator. Climb descend at 1000 ft / minute. Pitot static.

2 more sessions. Wed this week and next. Not Memorial Day.
 * more Weather. Cockpit - radios, basic radio calls, rest of switches, knobs. Preflight. Run-up - Magnito check.

=6. Weather = 13may vt


 * Weather - get your own weather briefing
 * Think about alternatives. Enroute. As well as destination.
 * web site - NOAA graphics web save to ipad link direct to page ­ pick own set of data to display
 * Apps - aeroweather. AOPA
 * Weather briefing. Current forecast. Highs lows. Tfr. Winds aloft
 * Xm weather - not real time, can be 15 minute delays, may be almost real time
 * Avoid weather. Avoid downwind side of storm
 * Ask atc to report what is up ahead.
 * Be ok to do 180 if weather ahead is bad or getting bad.
 * Florida. Quick build up in afternoon.
 * Weather flying. Keep wings level.
 * backup alternative for ipad with Power pack. Recharged ipad enroute. Conserve power. Close all apps not in use.
 * Weather minimums by airspace. Ceiling. visibility. estimating, comfort level.
 * Special. Controlled airspace.
 * 2000 ft to side
 * VFR on top
 * Situational awareness. Listen to atc. Figure out where others are.
 * IFR nice but can fly VFR if careful and take time.
 * Airways. Not direct.
 * Flight aware. Flight following. Vfr flight plan.
 * Types of weather briefing / reports - Report now. Forecast. Lead time.
 * Fog. Marine layer. temperature / dew point / humidity
 * What makes weather. Weather. Coriolus effect.
 * 122.0. Updated weather briefing. Enroute.

=5. Flight Plan to Jekyll Island = 11may

=4. Sectionals= May 6th Betsy

Sectionals
 * Spruce Creek; private air space but loosely public
 * Under the shelf of Daytona’s airspace: must be between 1200 – 4000’
 * Flag on map means landmark
 * Class A: 18k – 60k feet
 * B: manor airports
 * C: smaller version of B
 * D: New Smyrna
 * ATC’s: some nice, some jerks – clearly state if you are a new pilot
 * IMC: instrument meteorological conditions (same as IFR)
 * TFR shown in light blue: changes to orange if active (depending on your settings)
 * All racetracks have TFR and some football stadiums
 * RP: right hand traffic pattern (LP)
 * Put lights on 5 miles out if in a crowded air space
 * On radio: announce airport at the beginning of your message and at the end also
 * Touch ‘n go = “staying in the pattern”
 * Grasshoppers = Florida women pilots
 * Ninety-Nines and Women in Aviation; both national groups

Assignment: potential flight plan for Jekyll Island; look at terrain features, all potential air spaces, altitude, potential emergencies, etc.

=3. Inside the cockpit – preflight = 4may2015 - Betsy
 * Inside the cockpit – preflight
 * Get your seat comfortable – and locked
 * Check fuel color; light blue (beforehand)
 * “stabilator’
 * Gust lock: remove!
 * Boxcheck twice
 * Listen to the gyro
 * Set your brakes
 * Respect the prop
 * Docs needed: airworthy certificate, license, registration, weight & balance
 * Reg. in front – they expire every 3(?) years
 * Canada needs radio permit
 * Operating handbook required (POH)
 * All are “arrow” documents
 * Traci’s Lear jet is a” Barbie Jet”
 * Learn about center of gravity
 * Weight x Arm = Moment
 * “wiz wheel” to find CG
 * Whatever people say they weigh, add 20 pounds
 * Planes can purpoise in the air. Lock down your luggage so weight doesn’t shift.
 * “Normal” for the Barbie jet: 3 degrees nose up
 * Use old sectionals for wrapping paper
 * Need your medical doc also
 * Don’t carry your log book – either airplane log or personal log
 * Must prove that you are current and proficient
 * Old charts are a violation- make sure iPad is up to date
 * If pets or babies on board, don’t descend more than 2000’ per minute
 * “Fly it ‘til you tie it”
 * Utility category and normal category. – g meter
 * Flaps: make sure the indications match inside and outside: make sure they are tight, then full flaps
 * Check weep holes for water: if there is a lot it can change the weight and balance

=2. Pre-flight= 29apr2015 - Betsy
 * I'M SAFE - pilot must feel right
 * follow check-list - have your own. PIC pilot in command. SIC second in command
 * landing lights
 * pitot - not frozen, no bugs
 * controls - correct
 * exhaust pipe - if loose, can have exhaust in cockpit. dizzy, drowzy in flight - turn off heat and slow down
 * practice one different emergency maneuver each flight
 * taxi at brisk walking pace
 * spares, tools as appropriate - spare tire, duct tape
 * don't do touch-n-gos with retractable
 * GUMPS - gas, under- gear down, mixture rich, prop - full forward - flat pitch, speed
 * gear up for water or tree landing
 * check gear 3 times, downwind, base, final - 3 in the green
 * oil - how much, what kind
 * fuel - low - problem on takeoff angle, cap on tight after refuel. check if someone else fills - did fill and replaced cap
 * oxygen
 * gel bags to pee enroute
 * ntsb.gov - stories

=1. introductions, You= 27apr2015 4 +T&V
 * What did they say. Communication.
 * ForeFlight. Flight aware.
 * ADSB. Watch for traffic
 * You. Plane. Environment.
 * I'M SAFE checklist - illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, emotion
 * Prepared for any eventualities. Water. Food. Survival suitable for trip.
 * Companion pilot. Own checklist. Safety belt to secure pilot who is incapacitated ­ secure and controls free.
 * Vmc. Min controllable airspeed
 * Anticipate. Next 2 things. Priority.
 * NTSB. Video. Stories.
 * Maintenance. Check flight after.
 * Preflight. Careful. Really look. Encourage questions. Go around different direction. Start someplace different.
 * Visual. Cylinder monitor. Pattern change.
 * Brief. Debrief.
 * Primary training
 * Flight training. Accompany.
 * Courses. Written test prep. Books. Online. App.
 * Radio. Picture of panel. Instructions. Procedures.
 * Frequencies.
 * Apps. Aero weather. FlyQ. MyRadar.
 * Charts navigation
 * Next. Plane.
 * Revisit personal later.
 * Next. Plane. Preflight. External. Safety briefing.

=Background=
 * I CAN Aviate, Navigate, Communicate**

This is not ground school or "land in an emergency" training - it is an overview of general aviation and answers some important questions about flying around Florida.
 * what do you want to know, and why? expectations, learning outcomes
 * emergency - faqs and answers - where are you? is the plane level? what happens next? "job aid" - form, emergency procedures "card" / guide
 * what it says and what that means
 * contributors - speakers, subject matter experts, participants' experiences
 * forum - questions / answers
 * videos - replay
 * activities - foam plate glider, maps and knobs
 * EAA adult young eagle equivalent
 * format - interview, scenarios, questions - why are we here? where are we? what are they saying? what do I do now?
 * take aways - checklists, links to online resources

This presentation is / isn't...
 * cool stuff about general aviation that nobody told you
 * frame of reference - big picture to small details and why these are important to you
 * how to be a good passenger in a GA aircraft
 * how to be helpful with routine and unusual situations before or during flight
 * not prep for PPL written test
 * not how to land in an emergency, through it might be useful in that case
 * don't have to attend all in sequence, somewhat independent sessions though prior knowledge from previous sessions helpful
 * focus on general aviation - generally applicable, some special cases specific to Spruce Creek

Introduction to General Aviation
tentative - Mon & Wed - 9:30 - 11am + homework 1hr, 3hrs, 3days - presentation, video, activities, job aids
 * weekly sessions, responsive to participant questions, feedback to guide future sessions, outline for topics over n sessions - don't have to attend all, dates for planning ? drop-in ok
 * basics / fundamentals - big picture, FAR, 40,000 ft view - commercial > general aviation, history theme - need, technology
 * aviate - aerodynamics, flight, controls, weather - checklist, foam plate glider
 * navigate - maps, airspace, air traffic, knobology 101 - checklist, route / flight plan
 * communicate - who, what, why, where, when - dialog outline (laminate), scenarios
 * summary, recap, what's next...
 * + online Q&As, presentation material, Learn more...
 * + "rides" - inside and out - with someone other than significant other

Introduction to flying - how cool is this...
 * [|Harrison Ford] (video 9:30) - shares his love of aviation, flying his DeHavilland DHC-2 Beaver, his Bell 408 Helicopter, or several of his other airplanes.
 * [|Inside Control Tower] (video 6:35) - Toronto tower, also talks about ATC generally
 * [|JFK] (video 6:20) - parts of audio not great

From Flight Level 400 to Sea Level
 * safety - you, plane, destination
 * global - commercial, military, air traffic, radar, international regulations
 * commercial air transport - carriers, people, packages, all weather
 * military - training, similar but different
 * general aviation - rules, restrictions, tools, airports
 * off the grid - bush, grass, uncontrolled airspace
 * [|US airspace] - classes, rules, around Florida - Disney TFR, Spruce Creek
 * aircraft - airworthiness, maintenance, inspection
 * pilots - licenses, currency, limitations
 * Spruce Creek - private airport, formation flights, Daytona, New Smryna Beach

Aviate
Preflight checks, checklist
 * outside, before you go - what to look for in walkaround
 * [|First Flight] (video 5:31) - includes pre-flight walkaround, flight
 * weight and balance

Dials, knobs and levers
 * RTFM - operations manual, checklists, emergency procedures
 * flight instruments - what they say - altimeter, airspeed, tach, artificial horizon
 * throttle, propeller, mixture, carb heat, cabin temperature
 * electrical - switches, alternator, radio, lights - inside, outside
 * radio
 * transponder, adsb ?
 * auto pilot - on/off, heading, course, altitude
 * landing gear - 3-in-the-green, alternate retract / lower, lock, gear-up landing

Fuel system
 * main cause of problems, crashes - don't run out of fuel, reduce risk of crash by 95%
 * management, selectors, gauges, actual measurements, tracking quantity and use, fuel flow, unusable, cross-feed, pressure, altitude, temperature
 * forced landing - glides do it all the time, can be done safely, requires planning, practice

Weather
 * sources, reliability, currency
 * go/no-go
 * in-flight decision-making
 * uh oh - IMC, icing, thunderstorms

In-flight
 * normal - position, instrument monitoring, enroute tasks, fuel management
 * unusual - rain, turbulence
 * serious, emergency - more checklists - engine "trouble", radio quits, engine quits, smoke, passenger ill, pilot incapacitated

Situational awareness
 * connecting the dots - multiple sources of input, conflicting information
 * bad stuff - look, listen, smell, touch / feel, taste ?

Maintenance - Airframe and Powerplant (A&P)
 * certificated, experimental
 * routine, required - regulations, licensing, oversight
 * stuff breaks -repair
 * new, improved - replace
 * optional extras - add-ons

Navigate

 * maps, charts, airport diagrams
 * glass - displays, alerts
 * ground reference
 * navigation aids - transmit, receive
 * instrument flight rules (IFR) - enroute, approach plates, airport diagrams
 * alternate landing - airport, off airport
 * around Spruce Creek - Tony Crawford's pictures from helicopter
 * there's an app for that - ForeFlight, Garmon Pilot, AOPA FlyQ

Flight plan
 * planning
 * "form" - information required
 * required - international

IFR - Instrument Flight Rules
 * requirements
 * training
 * flight plan delivery, clearance

Communicate

 * in the cabin - cockpit resource management, intercom
 * radios, frequencies, share with nav aids, monitor, receive only, transmit, push to talk, open mic
 * transponder - codes - meaning, assigned, flight following, FlightAware
 * air to air - other aircraft, uncontrolled airports
 * ATC, ATIS, Tower, Ground
 * what did she say - scripts for usual dialogs, information to have handy
 * headsets - comfort, noise-cancelling

examples
 * [|VFR Communications] (video 5:24) - Every pilot worries about communications. With this comprehensive new program, you can sound like a seasoned pro.
 * [|Class D Airspace - radio communications] (video 3:32) - tower, taxi,
 * [|VFR Communications] (video 3:37) - get weather briefing

What's next?
Worst case scenario
 * in-flight emergency
 * forced landing - fly to the scene of the accident
 * landing gear problems - up, down, don't know, stuck

FAA Medicals
 * types
 * after an illness, medical condition, procedure
 * light sport alternative - valid drivers license

"Flight bag" - nice to have in the plane
 * notes - paper, pen
 * water, snacks - no fuss, bars, nuts
 * outdoor clothing - chilly in plane at altitude, never know where you might stop
 * sunglasses, hat/visor, sunscreen - sunny above the clouds
 * paper charts, airport directory, frequencies

International flying
 * crossing ADIZ - in / out - Bahamas, Canada
 * Europe
 * flying vacations - Africa, Australia, New Zealand

Summary, recap
 * "landing" training
 * PPL training
 * flying with friends and significant others

=Learn more...= Homework, lifelong learning
 * fly - between sessions get "seat"
 * gather information about flight - plane, enroute, destination
 * use tools, practice
 * find resources - personal preferences
 * learn something new

FAA
 * [|FAA Regulations (FAR)] * [|General Operating and Flight Rules (14 CFR Part 91)]

apps
 * pilot calculators
 * airport directories
 * written test practice quiz

organizations, resources
 * AOPA - flight planning (web), airport information with diagrams, [|flight planning and preflight]
 * facilities directories - frequencies, runway information, diagrams, services

google that...
 * instructional videos - Sporty's,
 * reference - FAA
 * flight planning, destination information - AOPA, AirNav

educational, activities
 * [|FAA Aviation & Space Education] information for students and educators * [|Facinating facts] * [|Aviation vocabulary]
 * [|FAA experiments and activities]
 * [|Aviation Bingo] including dozens of printable "cards"
 * [|Which is stronger - you or air?] - simple activity that may surprise you.

Acronyms
Acronyms are helpful aids to reminding us of a list of requirements or actions. Here are a few. If you have a great acronym, please send it along and we will add it to the list.

F-Fuel Gauges L-Landing Gear Position Indicators (if retractable gear) A-Anti-collision Lights M-Magnetic Compass E-ELT if Required (FAR §91.207) S-Safety Belt (FAR§91.105 & §91.107)
 * **VFR Day** required instruments (FAR §91.205 (B)) - **A TOMATO FLAMES** - A-Altimeter T-Tachometer O-Oil Temp Gauge M-Manifold Pressure Gauge (if constant speed prop) A-Airspeed Indicator T-Temp Gauge (water temp, if water cooled engine) O-Oil Pressure Gauge


 * **VFR Night** required instruments (FAR §91.205 (C)) - **FLAPS** - F-Fuses (complete set of spares or three of each kind) L-Landing Light (if operated for hire) A-Anti-collision Lights P-Position Indicator Lights (Nav Lights) S-Source of Electrical Power


 * Passenger Briefing - **SAFETY** - S-Seat belts A-Air vents operation F-Fire extinguisher E-Exists T-Traffic look-out Y-Yoke - positive exchange of control


 * Pre-take-off - **Lights** - beacon **Camera** - Transponder to ALT - ATC can "see" you **Action** - check for traffic on final, announce moving to active


 * **I'M SAFE** checklist - illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, emotion


 * **GUMPS** - landing prep / final + **ABC** - Gas - tank selector Undercarriage - landing gear Mixture / fuel pump Prop Safety belts, landing light, Autopilot OFF Boost pump ON Cowl flaps CLOSED


 * **HALF TIME** - downwind - Heading Altimeter Landing gear Fuel - pump, selector Timer - cross country

ADM - Aeronautical Decision Making - hazard, risk, human factors, risk assessment
 * **FAA 3-Ps** **Perceive** the given set of circumstances for a flight. **Process** by evaluating their impact on flight safety. **Perform** by implementing the best course of action.
 * AOPA decision-making cycle - anticipate, recognize, act, evaluate
 * PAVE (pilot, aircraft, environment, external pressures)
 * analytical decision making - **DECIDE** - detect, estimate, choose, identify actions, do, evaluate
 * 5P (plan, plane, pilot, passenger, programming)